To capture the screen on OS X :
⇧⌘4 : Selected area to capture.
⇧⌘4-space : Capture a window.
These are defined in the System Preferences.
To change the captured image from the Terminal (/Applications/Utilities/Terminal.app) type
Jpeg:
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type jpg
killall SystemUIServer
PNG
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type png
killall SystemUIServer
Tiff
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type tiff
killall SystemUIServer
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type pdf
killall SystemUIServer
